Since its discovery, quantum entanglement has challenged some of the best established
views of the world: locality and reality. Quantum technologies promise to revolutionize …

Time, polarization, and wavelength multiplexing schemes have been used to satisfy the
growing need of transmission capacity. Using space as a new dimension for communication …

An optical vortex having an isolated point singularity is associated with the spatial structure
of light waves. A polarization vortex (vector beam) with a polarization singularity has …

We derive a mathematical description of a perfect vortex beam as the Fourier transformation
of a Bessel beam. Building on this development, we experimentally generate Bessel–Gauss …

There is a growing interest in structured light, especially orbital angular momentum (OAM)
beams, due to its unique amplitude and phase structure. Multiple orthogonal OAM beams …

The tremendous growth of data traffic has spurred a rapid evolution of optical
communications for a higher data transmission capacity. Next-generation fiber-optic …

Light's orbital angular momentum (OAM) is a conserved quantity in cylindrically symmetric
media. However, it is easily destroyed by free-space turbulence or fiber bends, because …

Beams carrying orbital-angular-momentum (OAM) have gained much interest due to their
unique amplitude and phase structures. In terms of communication systems, each of the …

With the amplitude, time, wavelength/frequency, phase, and polarization/spin parameter
dimensions of the light wave/photon almost fully utilized in both classical and quantum …

The space domain is regarded as the only known physical dimension of lightwaves left to be
exploited for optical communications. Very recently, much research effort has been devoted …