Vegetation cover fraction (fCover) and related quantities are basic yet critical vegetation
structure variables in various disciplines and applications. Ground-and aerial-based …

Lichens are combinations of two symbiotic organisms, a green alga or cyanobacterium and
a fungus. They grow in nearly all terrestrial ecosystems and survive in habitats, which are …

Satellite data allows us to solve a wide range of challenging tasks remotely, including
monitoring changing environmental conditions, assessing resources, and evaluating …

The quantitative assessment of the role of riverine and riparian vegetation biomass on the
effects of plants–water flow interaction in vegetated streams constitutes the main purpose of …

Pine wilt disease (PWD) is one of the most destructive forest diseases that has led to rapid
wilting and mortality in susceptible host pine trees. Spatially explicit detection of pine wood …

Although generally given little attention in vegetation studies, ground-dwelling (terricolous)
lichens are major contributors to overall carbon and nitrogen cycling, albedo, biodiversity …

Lichens are sensitive to competition from vascular plants, intensive silviculture, pollution and
reindeer and caribou grazing, and can therefore serve as indicators of environmental …

Vegetation in East Antarctica, such as moss and lichen, vulnerable to the effects of climate
change and ozone depletion, requires robust non-invasive methods to monitor its health …

The accurate and extensive monitoring of soil salinization is essential for sustainable
agricultural development. It is difficult for single remote sensing data (satellite, unmanned …

As thick crustal layers form on dryland surfaces, they affect the spectral information that is
originally dominated by sand or rock. The spectral characteristics of organic matter replace …