Bad Smells are certain suboptimal structures or patterns in software. They can cause
maintenance issues and hinder understandability. Therefore, it is essential to avoid Bad …

Industrial control applications are usually designed by domain experts instead of software
engineers. These experts frequently use visual programming languages based on …

Bad Smells are sub-optimal software structures or patterns. They can obstruct the
understandability of a software system and cause maintenance issues. As a result, it is …

Industries still have problems managing and organizing control software variants for different
machine processes in Cyber-Physical Production Systems (CPPSs). They still rely mostly on …

In the domain of CPPS, long-term maintenance of software is necessary. Refactoring, a
technique used to improve maintainability is a viable solution. However, there is a scarcity of …

Cyber-Physical Production Systems (CPPSs) are highly variable systems of systems
comprised of software and hardware interacting with each other and the environment. The …

Established development processes for industrial control systems are static and struggle to
adopt changing requirements. The interdisciplinary nature of such systems necessitates …

We are in the era of continued adoption of Industry 4.0 vision and standard. As the Industrial
Cyber-Physical System applications move from centralized to decentralized systems, there …

Bad smells are code patterns which have a negative influence on software, often impacting
its quality and maintainability. Because of these negative effects, it is important to detect and …

The history of the software industry has shown and proved that coupling and cohesion are a
never-ending story in this industry. Quantifying the quality of software systems by measuring …