Global data for measured Fe 2 O 3/FeO ratios and Cu contents in unaltered volcanic and
intrusive arc rocks indicate that, on average, they are slightly more oxidized than other …

Metals such as Cu, Mo, Au, Sn, and W in porphyry and related epithermal mineral deposits
are derived predominantly from the associated magmas, via magmatic–hydrothermal fluids …

Magmatic fluids, both vapour and hypersaline liquid, are a primary source of many
components in hydrothermal ore deposits formed in volcanic arcs. These components …

Standard partial molal thermodynamic properties including association constants for 246
inorganic aqueous rare earth element (REE) complexes with chloride, fluoride, hydroxide …

A large number of aqueous metal complexes contribute significantly to hydrothermal,
metamorphic, and magmatic processes in the crust of the Earth. Nevertheless, relatively few …

The lower valley of Changjiang, from Wuhan of the Hubei Province in the west to Zhenjiang
of the Jiangsu Province in the east, contains more than 200 polymetallic (Cu–Fe–Au, Mo, Zn …

Economically exploitable deposits of metallic minerals (ore deposits) form in the Earth's crust
through a variety of geologic processes. These involve extraction of metals at low …

The major and trace element compositions of individual fluid inclusions from a range of
magmatic-hydrothermal ore deposits were analyzed by laser-ablation inductively coupled …

Abstract The porphyry Cu-Mo deposit in Butte, Montana, formed where magmatic
hydrothermal fluids, introduced with injections of porphyrytic dikes, fractured and permeated …

Porphyry copper–molybdenum–gold deposits are the most important metal resources
formed by hydrothermal processes associated with magmatism. It remains controversial …