Neurotrophic factors are a family of growth factors that modulate cellular growth, survival,
and differentiation. For many decades, it has been generally believed that a lack of …

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) constitute a family of more than 20 endopeptidases.
Identification of specific matrix and non-matrix components as MMP substrates showed that …

Rationale One of the major complaints most people face during aging is an impairment in
cognitive functioning. This has a negative impact on the quality of daily life and is even more …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) which is supposed to result from a complex interaction of
genetic and epigenetic, environmental and developmental factors is one of the most …

After Golgi–Cajal mapped neural circuits, the discovery and mapping of the central
monoamine neurons opened up for a new understanding of interneuronal communication …

Abnormalities of striatal function have been implicated in several major neurological and
psychiatric disorders, including Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia and depression …

FSH regulates ovarian granulosa cell differentiation not only by activating adenylyl cyclase
and protein kinase A (PKA) but also by other complex mechanisms. Using primary rat …

Acute μ and κ opioids activate the ERK/MAPK phosphorylation cascade that represents an
integral part of the signaling pathway of growth factors in astrocytes. By this cross-talk …

A large body of evidence indicates that agonists of some G protein-coupled receptors
(GPCRs) can activate growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) in the absence of …

The neuropeptides orexins and their G protein-coupled receptors, OX1 and OX2, were
discovered in 1998, and since then, their role has been investigated in many functions …