The craniofacial complex is the billboard of sorts containing information about sex, health,
ancestry, kinship, genes, and environment. A thorough knowledge of the genes underlying …

Discrimination of odorous molecules in amniotic fluid occur after 30 weeks' gestation;
fetuses exhibit differential responses to maternal diet. Olfactory reflexes enable reliable …

Deviation from a normal facial shape and symmetry can arise from numerous sources,
including physical injury and congenital birth defects. Such abnormalities can have …

The 22q11. 2 deletion syndrome (22q11. 2DS) is one of the most frequent microdeletion
syndromes and presents with a highly variable phenotype. In most affected individuals …

Unaffected relatives of individuals with non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate
(NSCL/P) show distinctive facial features. The presence of this facial endophenotype is …

Objectives: Orofacial clefting is one of the most prevalent craniofacial malformations.
Previous research has demonstrated that unaffected relatives of patients with non-syndromic …

Human craniofacial shape is highly variable yet highly heritable with genetic variants
interacting through multiple layers of development. Here, we hypothesize that Mendelian …

Nonsyndromic orofacial clefts (OFCs) are complex traits characterized by multifactorial
inheritance and wide phenotypic variability. Numerous studies have shown subtle …

Objectives: To evaluate the magnitude of olfactory recess opacity in patients with unilateral
cleft lip nasal deformity (uCLND). Design: Subject-specific 3-dimensional reconstruction of …

Abstract Background Williams‐Beuren syndrome (WBS) is caused by a microdeletion on
chromosome 7q11‐23 and clusters a variety of systemic affectations. Aim To investigate …