Iron formations are marine sedimentary rocks comprising Fe-rich and Si-rich bands that
were most widely deposited before~ 2.45 Ga, prior to the Great Oxidation Event (GOE). They …

Chromium (Cr) is a redox-sensitive metal element with two natural oxidation states,
commonly as the soluble Cr (VI) oxyanion (CrO 4 2− or HCrO 4−) and the insoluble Cr (III) …

Oxygen availability is crucial for the evolution of eukaryotes in geological history, but the
redox conditions of the mid-Proterozoic atmospheric-oceanic system remain vigorously …

Stratiform or layered siderites are much less common than siderite concretions in the
stratigraphic record. In the middle part of the Mesoproterozoic Xiamaling Formation (ca. 1.40 …

Abstract Banded Iron Formations (BIFs) are marine chemical sediments consisting of
alternating iron (Fe)-rich and silica (Si)-rich bands which were deposited throughout much of …

Abstract Banded Iron Formations (BIFs) are ancient marine chemical sediments that contain
various Fe-bearing minerals such as hematite (Fe 2 O 3), magnetite (Fe 3 O 4), siderite …

Various iron formation (IFs) document the interplay between the geosphere and the early
biosphere during their co‐evolution. At the transition between the Paleo‐and …

Mesozoic oceanic anoxic events were characterized by relatively low seawater sulphate
concentrations ([SO 4 2−]), which likely regulated the development and evolution of these …

The oxygenation of Earth's atmosphere is widely regarded to have played an important role
in early-life evolution. Chromium (Cr) isotopes recorded in sedimentary rocks have been …

Multicellular algae are the core topic for understanding the early life evolution on Earth. The
timing of origin and cellular differentiation of multicellular algae, however, remains poorly …