Abstract Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a stromal cell population with cell-of-origin,
phenotypic and functional heterogeneity, are the most essential components of the tumor …

In chronic infection, inflammation and cancer, the tissue microenvironment controls how
local immune cells behave, with tissue-resident fibroblasts emerging as a key cell type in …

Among all the stromal cells that present in the tumor microenvironment, cancer-associated
fibroblasts (CAFs) are one of the most abundant and critical components of the tumor …

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are prominent components of the microenvironment in
most types of solid tumors, and were shown to facilitate cancer progression by supporting …

The clinical successes in immunotherapy have been both astounding and at the same time
unsatisfactory. Countless patients with varied tumor types have seen pronounced clinical …

Therapeutic reinvigoration of tumor-specific T cells has greatly improved clinical outcome in
cancer. Nevertheless, many patients still do not achieve durable benefit. Recent evidence …

Within a tumor, IL-1β is produced and secreted by various cell types, such as immune cells,
fibroblasts, or cancer cells. The IL1B gene is induced after “priming” of the cells and a …

Adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) produces durable responses in some cancer patients;
however, most tumors are refractory to ACT and the molecular mechanisms underlying …

T cell–mediated immunotherapies are promising cancer treatments. However, most patients
still fail to respond to these therapies. The molecular determinants of immune resistance are …

PD-L1 is an immunoinhibitory molecule that suppresses the activation of T cells, leading to
the progression of tumors. Overexpression of PD-L1 in cancers such as gastric cancer …