1. INTRODUCTION Any surface immersed in seawater is subjected to the settlement of
marine organisms (bacteria, algae, mollusks), known as fouling or biofouling. This unwanted …

Marine biofouling generally refers to the undesirable accumulation of biological organisms
on surfaces in contact with seawater. This natural phenomenon represents a major …

Marine biofouling profoundly influences marine industries and activities. It slows the speed
and increases the fuel consumption of ships, corrodes offshore platforms, and blocks …

Antifouling coatings are often required to have both excellent fouling resistance and
mechanical properties for their applications. This study reports a water‐borne antifouling …

Marine corrosion and biofouling on metallic materials are sticky problems in maintenance of
various vessels and facilities in the ocean. Further, designing of an eco-friendly marine …

In this review, a brief synopsis of superhydrophobicity (ie extreme non-wettability) and its
implications on marine fouling are presented. A short overview of wettability and recent …

Silicone based fouling release coatings with eco-friendliness have received growing
interest. Yet, their poor fouling resistance and self-repairing inability restrict their …

Adhesion of marine fouling organisms on artificial surfaces such as ship hulls causes many
problems, including extra energy consumption, high maintenance costs, and increased …

Low surface energy coating can protect marine equipment from biofouling, however,
remaining a challenge in static applications due to the lack of shear force provided by water …

Diatoms are a major component of microbial slimes that develop on man-made surfaces
placed in the marine environment. Toxic antifouling paints, as well as environmentally …