▪ Abstract For the first time in decades, conventional wisdom about survey methodology is
being challenged on many fronts. The insights gained can not only help psychologists do …

SERVQUAL, a multiple‐item scale for measuring consumer perceptions of service quality,
was introduced in 1988 and revised in 1991 in response to some criticism from researchers …

There is a great deal of evidence that method bias influences item validities, item
reliabilities, and the covariation between latent constructs. In this paper, we identify a series …

Likert-type scales are commonly used when assessing attitudes, personality characteristics,
and other psychological variables. This study examined the effect of varying the number of …

This paper proposes that when optimally answering a survey question would require
substantial cognitive effort, some repondents simply provide a satisfactory answer instead …

Synthesizing the literature from the survey and measurement fields, this book explains how
to develop closed-response survey scales that will accurately capture such constructs as …

The success of any interview or questionnaire depends upon good question design, yet
most of the available literature has been devoted to interview techniques, rather than …

Sergeant William Calley's defense of his behavior in the My Lai massacre and the
widespread public support for his argument that he was merely obeying orders from a …

This article describes the findings of a program of research exploring the cognitive and
behavioral consequences of passionate concern about government policy issues. American …

How do people translate their personal experiences into political attitudes? It has been
difficult to explore this question using observational data, because individuals are typically …