For many retinal diseases, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma,
and diabetic retinopathy (DR), the exact pathogenesis is still unclear. Moreover, the currently …

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a key role in the development of both
proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and diabetic macular oedema (DMO). In recent …

Pharmacological inhibition of VEGF-A has proven to be effective in inhibiting angiogenesis
and vascular leak associated with cancers and various eye diseases. However, little …

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Introduction: Ocular targeted therapy has enormously been advanced by implementation of …

Ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi) is an innovative treatment strategy for a myriad of
indications. Non-viral synthetic nanoparticles (NPs) have drawn extensive attention as …

purpose. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antagonists are the therapy of choice for
age-related macular degeneration. Ranibizumab and pegaptanib have been approved by …

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can be used therapeutically by binding to molecular targets
with high specificity. Therefore, they have excellent therapeutic applications in …

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifaceted disease characterized by early
subclinical changes at the choroidea–retinal pigment epithelium interface. Both the causal …

Therapeutic nucleic acids are various chemically modified RNA or DNA with different
functions, which mainly play roles at the gene level. Owing to its accurately targeting at …

Purpose To evaluate the additional therapeutic effect of single intravitreal bevacizumab
injection on standard laser treatment in the management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy …