Oxygenic photosynthesis, the principal converter of sunlight into chemical energy on earth,
is catalyzed by four multi-subunit membrane-protein complexes: photosystem I (PSI) …

The essential involvement of manganese in photosynthetic water oxidation was implicit in
the observation by Pirson in 1937 that plants and algae deprived of Mn in their growth …

Iron is the quantitatively most important trace metal involved in thylakoid reactions of all
oxygenic organisms since linear (= non-cyclic) electron flow from H 2 O to NADP+ involves …

The. llltl'.. l inlportallt Itlnclioll o| nl; lllg, lllC~, C ill biology is to catalyze Iht conxcrsion ot water
to molecular oxygen. Thb, process t;. ikc~, place in l'tlolos~ Mem II near the lumenal surface …

In plants and algae, photosystem II uses light energy to oxidize water to oxygen at a
metalloradical site that comprises a tetranuclear manganese cluster and a tyrosyl radical. A …

Recognition of the involvement of manganese in biological redox chemistry began in 1970
with the discovery of manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD). 1 The importance of …

In the photosynthetic evolution of oxygen, water oxidation occurs at a catalytic site that
includes four manganese atoms together with the essential cofactors, the calcium and …

The availability of the photosynthetic reaction center's structure at an atomic resolution of
less than three angstroms has revolutionized research. This protein is the first integral …

Manganese oxidation, catalyzed by chlorophyll photochemistry in photosystem II, is the key
step in the pathway of redox reactions leading formation of O2 from H2O. A unique feature of …

Photosystem lI (PSII) is a pigment-protein complex found in the thylakoid membranes of
plants, algae and cyanobacteria which drives light-induced electron transfer from water to …