Our world is now facing a multitude of novel infectious diseases. Bacterial infections are
treated with antibiotics, albeit with increasing difficulty as many of the more common causes …

In the present work, bioaugmented zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were prepared from
aqueous fruit extracts of Myristica fragrans. The ZnO-NPs were characterized by different …

Reported human cases of West Nile virus (WNV) in Europe increased dramatically in 2018.
Lineage 1 strains had been circulating in Euro-Mediterranean countries since the early …

Wild birds play an important role as reservoir hosts and vectors for zoonotic arboviruses and
foster their spread. Usutu virus (USUV) has been circulating endemically in Germany since …

It is unclear whether West Nile virus (WNV) circulates endemically in Portugal. Despite the
country's adequate climate for transmission, Portugal has only reported four human WNV …

Since 2015, annual West Nile virus (WNV) outbreaks of varying intensities have been
reported in France. Recent intensification of enzootic WNV circulation was observed in the …

Worldwide, arthropod-borne disease transmission represents one of the greatest threats to
public and animal health. For the British Isles, an island group on the north-western coast of …

In Italy, West Nile virus (WNV) appeared for the first time in the Tuscany region in 1998. After
10 years of absence, it re-appeared in the areas surrounding the Po River delta, affecting …

Abstract Background West Nile virus (WNV), the most widely distributed flavivirus causing
encephalitis globally, is a vector-borne pathogen of global importance. The changing …

Aedes albopictus is an invasive mosquito species that can maintain and transmit several
arboviruses causing disease in humans. Understanding the determinants of its ecology and …