The understanding of the functions of the immune system needs a fundament of solid
anatomical knowledge. The construction and arrangement of the different components of the …

Infectious diseases in fish represent a major problem for the aquaculture field as they
produce extensive damages and loss. Over the last few years, with increased development …

The immune system of fish is very similar to vertebrates, although there are some important
differences. Fish are free-living organisms from the embryonic stage of life in their aquatic …

All metazoans possess innate immune defence system whereas parameters of the adaptive
immune system make their first appearance in the gnathostomata, the jawed vertebrates …

The basal position of fish in vertebrate phylogeny makes them very attractive for genomic
and functional comparative immunity studies. Adaptive immunity arose early in vertebrate …

The VitalBook e-book version of Biology of Fishes is only available only in the US and
Canada at the present time. To purchase or rent please visit https://store. vitalsource …

Administration of β-glucans through various routes, including immersion, dietary inclusion,
or injection, have been found to stimulate various facets of immune responses, such as …

The increasing economic importance of fish parasitoses for aquaculture and fisheries has
enhanced the interest in the defence mechanisms against these infections. Both innate and …

Cartilaginous and bony fish are the most primitive vertebrates with a thymus, and possess T
cells equivalent to those in mammals. There are a number of studies in fish demonstrating …

In modern bony fishes, or teleost fish, the general lack of leucocyte markers has greatly
hampered investigations of the anatomy of the immune system and its reactions involved in …