Abstract Background Clostridioides difficile (formerly Clostridium difficile) is well-
documented in Europe and North America to be a common cause of healthcare-associated …

Background Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) is one of the primary pathogens responsible
for infectious diarrhea. Antibiotic treatment failure, occurring in about 30% of patients, and …

Clostridium difficile is an anaerobic gram-positive bacillus, capable of forming spores and
toxins, transmitted to humans by the faecal-oral route C. difficile infection (CDI) is recognized …

The objective of this study is to determine the trend and diversity of binary toxin-positive
Clostridioides difficile over 10 years in Korea. Binary toxin-positive strains were selected …

Clostridioides difficile is an emerging One Health pathogen and a common etiologic agent of
diarrhea, both in healthcare settings and the community. This bacterial species is highly …

Background Based on MLST analyses the global population of C. difficile is distributed in
eight clades, of which Clade 2 includes the “hypervirulent” NAP1/RT027/ST01 strain along …

Background Clostridioides difficile infection is associated with antibiotic use and manifests
as diarrhea; however, emerging cases of fulminant diarrhea caused by binary toxin …

Clostridioides difficile hypervirulent clade 2 lineages are the major lineages responsible for
the outbreaks in North America and Europe. However, the genome sequences of Japanese …

C. difficile is a gram-positive, anaerobic spore-forming bacterium considered as the leading
cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. C. difficile is a …