Understanding the nature of immunity following mild/asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-
2 is crucial to controlling the pandemic. We analyzed T cell and neutralizing antibody …

Vaccination is the most effective method of controlling seasonal influenza infections and
preventing possible pandemic events. Although influenza vaccines have been licensed and …

Human monoclonal antibodies are safe, preventive, and therapeutic tools that can be rapidly
developed to help restore the massive health and economic disruption caused by the …

Determinants of protective immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection require the development of well-standardized, reproducible …

Since the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, the etiologic agent of the COVID-19 pandemic, the viral
genome has acquired numerous mutations with the potential to alter the viral infectivity and …

BACKGROUND To understand the features of a replicating vaccine that might drive potent
and durable immune responses to transgene-encoded antigens, we tested a replication …

Dissolvable microneedle (DMN) patches for immunization have multiple benefits, including
vaccine stability and ease-of-use. However, conventional DMN fabrication methods have …

Pseudotype neutralization assays are powerful tools to study functional antibody responses
against viruses in low biosafety laboratories. However, protocols described in the literature …

Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) have been developed as potential
countermeasures for seasonal and pandemic influenza. Deep characterization of these …

The influenza A virus (IAV) is a highly contagious virus that causes pandemics and seasonal
epidemics, which are major public health issues. Current anti-influenza therapeutics are …