Considerable advances in our understanding of the mechanisms and functions of rapid-eye-
movement (REM) sleep have occurred over the past decade. Much of this progress can be …

For many decades, sleep researchers have sought to determine which species 'have'rapid
eye movement (REM) sleep. In doing so, they relied predominantly on a template derived …

Chronic sleep deficiency, defined as a state of inadequate or mistimed sleep, is a growing
and underappreciated determinant of health status. Sleep deprivation contributes to a …

Many birds fly non-stop for days or longer, but do they sleep in flight and if so, how? It is
commonly assumed that flying birds maintain environmental awareness and aerodynamic …

The brain continuously adapts its processing machinery to behavioural demands. To
achieve this, it rapidly modulates the operating mode of cortical circuits, controlling the way …

Humans have been fascinated by sleep for millennia. After almost a century of scientific
interrogation, significant progress has been made in understanding the neuronal regulation …

The energy allocation (EA) model defines behavioral strategies that optimize the temporal
utilization of energy to maximize reproductive success. This model proposes that all species …

We often experience troubled sleep in a novel environment [1]. This is called the first-night
effect (FNE) in human sleep research and has been regarded as a typical sleep disturbance …

The mammalian claustrum, owing to its widespread connectivity with other forebrain
structures, has been hypothesized to mediate functions that range from decision-making to …

Wakefulness, non-rapid eye-movement (NREM) and rapid eye-movement (REM) sleep differ
from each other along three dimensions: behavioral, phenomenological, physiological …