The pancreatic β-cell plays a key role in glucose homeostasis by secreting insulin, the only
hormone capable of lowering the blood glucose concentration. Impaired insulin secretion …

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that affects more than 460 million people
worldwide. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is caused by autoimmune destruction of β-cells, whereas …

Glucose stimulates insulin secretion by generating triggering and amplifying signals in beta-
cells. The triggering pathway is well characterized. It involves the following sequence of …

Glucose-induced insulin secretion in response to a step increase in blood glucose
concentrations follows a biphasic time course consisting of a rapid and transient first phase …

The physiological effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are of immense interest
because of the potential clinical relevance of this peptide. Produced in intestinal L-cells …

Stimulation of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism by Ca2+ is now generally recognised as
important for the control of cellular ATP homeostasis. Here, we review the mechanisms …

Synapse,” intended to contrast our grasp of presynaptic Angleson and Betz (1997) quite
recently reviewed in physiology with our understanding of postsynaptic detail techniques for …

The consensus model of stimulus–secretion coupling in beta cells attributes glucose-
induced insulin secretion to a sequence of events involving acceleration of metabolism …

The aetiology of type 2, or non-insulin-dependent, diabetes mellitus has been characterized
in only a limited number of cases. Among these, mitochondrial diabetes, a rare subform of …

Pancreatic β cells couple nutrient metabolism with appropriate insulin secretion. Here, we
show that pyruvate kinase (PK), which converts ADP and phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) into …