The global impacts of climate change are evident in every marine ecosystem. On coral reefs,
mass coral bleaching and mortality have emerged as ubiquitous responses to ocean …

Coral reef ecosystems thrive in tropical oligotrophic oceans because of the relationship
between corals and endosymbiotic dinoflagellate algae called Symbiodinium …

In photosynthetic organisms, the photosystem II (PSII) complex is the primary target of
thermal damage. Plants have evolved a repair process to prevent the accumulation of …

Inhibition of the activity of photosystem II (PSII) under strong light is referred to as
photoinhibition. This phenomenon is due to an imbalance between the rate of photodamage …

The primary targets of thermal damage in plants are the oxygen evolving complex along with
the associated cofactors in photosystem II (PSII), carbon fixation by Rubisco and the ATP …

Cnidarian bleaching is a breakdown in the mutualistic symbiosis between host Cnidarians,
such as reef building corals, and their unicellular photosynthetic dinoflagellate symbionts …

Environmental stress enhances the extent of photoinhibition, a process that is determined by
the balance between the rate of photodamage to photosystem II (PSII) and the rate of its …

When photosynthetic organisms are exposed to abiotic stress, their photosynthetic activity is
significantly depressed. In particular, photosystem II (PSII) in the photosynthetic machinery is …

Thermal‐stress events that cause coral bleaching and mortality have recently increased in
frequency and severity. Yet few studies have explored conditions that moderate coral …

Coral bleaching caused by global warming is one of the major threats to coral reefs. Very
recently, research has focused on the possibility of corals switching symbionts as a means of …