Near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging is an attractive modality for early cancer
detection with high sensitivity and multi-detection capability. Due to convenient modification …

Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging is a noninvasive technique that provides
numerous advantages for the real-time in vivo monitoring of biological information in living …

Two major challenges of current photodynamic therapy (PDT) are the limited tissue
penetration of excitation light and poor tumor-selectivity of the photosensitizer (PS). To …

Ultra-small gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) are highly promising materials for tumor imaging
and therapy because of their low toxicity, intrinsic fluorescence, and the availability of …

Gold nanoclusters (NCs) were functionalized as a fluorescent probe and a pro-drug
intended for tumor diagnosis and therapy. Firstly, Au NCs were conjugated with methionine …

Adriamycin (ADM) has been effective against many types of solid tumors in clinical
applications. However, its use is limited because of systemic toxicities, primarily …

Hypoxia is a characteristic of cancer and plays a key role in tumorigenesis, angiogenesis
and resistance to cancer therapies. SiRNA treatment is effective against hypoxic tumors by …

Cancer is a complex disease, characterized by alteration of different physiological molecular
processes and cellular features. Keeping this in mind, the possibility of early identification …

The latest advances concerning ultra-small gold nanoparticles (≤ 2 nm) commonly known
as gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) are reviewed and discussed in the context of biological and …

Pegylation, as a simple procedure to attach hydrophilic polyethylene glycol (PEG) onto
therapeutic molecule or drug carriers has been utilized widely to deliver small molecules …