The use of housekeeping genes and proteins to normalize mRNA and protein levels in
biomedical research has faced growing scrutiny. Researchers encounter challenges in …

Cyclic nucleotides are synthesized by adenylyl and/or guanylyl cyclase, and downstream of
this synthesis the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase families (PDEs) specifically hydrolyze …

Capsular contracture is a prevalent and severe complication that affects the postoperative
outcomes of patients who receive silicone breast implants. At present, prosthesis …

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a debilitating, incurable, and life-threatening disease
that lacks effective therapy. The overexpression of phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) plays …

Simple Summary Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is a global health problem with
high morbidity and mortality. ALD is a multifactorial disease which manifests as lipid …

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by skin and
internal organ fibrosis and obliterative vasculopathy. Few effective treatments are currently …

Pulmonary fibrosis is a formidable challenge in chronic and age‐related lung diseases.
Myofibroblasts secrete large amounts of extracellular matrix and induce pro‐repair …

Background The role of macrophages in the symptomatic and structural progression of
pulmonary fibrosis (PF) has garnered significant scholarly attention in recent years. This …