Why is it that some parasites cause high levels of host damage (ie virulence) whereas others
are relatively benign? There are now numerous reviews of virulence evolution in the …

Recent methodological advances have uncovered tremendous microbial diversity
cohabiting in the same host plant, and many of these microbes cause disease. In this review …

Biological market theory has been used successfully to explain cooperative behavior in
many animal species. Microbes also engage in cooperative behaviors, both with hosts and …

Coinfections by multiple parasites predominate in the wild. Interactions between parasites
can be antagonistic, neutral, or facilitative, and they can have significant implications for …

Multiple infections, either simultaneous or sequential, affecting a single plant or crop are
now recognized to be common in plant disease epidemics. These multiple infections thus …

Variation among parasite strains can affect the progression of disease or the effectiveness of
treatment. What maintains parasite diversity? Here I argue that competition among parasites …

Although increased disease severity driven by intensive farming practices is problematic in
food production, the role of evolutionary change in disease is not well understood in these …

Tailocins are bactericidal protein complexes produced by a wide variety of bacteria that kill
closely related strains and may play a role in microbial community structure. Thanks to their …

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) in the families Steinernematidae and
Heterorhabditidae are important agents for the biological control of soil insect pests in …

Nematodes are ubiquitous organisms that have a significant global impact on ecosystems,
economies, agriculture, and human health. The applied importance of nematodes and the …