Since it was first recognized in bacteria and archaea as a mechanism for innate viral
immunity in the early 2010s, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats …

The various crop species are major agricultural products and play an indispensable role in
sustaining human life. Over a long period, breeders strove to increase crop yield and …

Climate change imposes a severe threat to agricultural systems, food security, and human
nutrition. Meanwhile, efforts in crop and livestock gene editing have been undertaken to …

Background CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology is a DNA manipulation tool for trait
improvement. This technology has been demonstrated and successfully applied to edit the …

The global malnutrition burden imparts long-term developmental, economic, social, and
medical consequences to individuals, communities, and countries. The current …

Breeding has been used successfully for many years in the fruit industry, giving rise to most
of today's commercial fruit cultivars. More recently, new molecular breeding techniques have …

The central dogma (CD) of molecular biology is the transfer of genetic information from DNA
to RNA to protein. Major CD processes governing genetic flow include the cell cycle, DNA …

Genome editing can transform agriculture and shape the future of food by improving crop
yields and animal productivity, which in turn can help to achieve food security for the …

Plants produce a wide range of secondary metabolites that play vital roles for their primary
functions such as growth, defence, adaptations or reproduction. Some of the plant …

RNA-guided genomic transcriptional regulation tools, namely clustered regularly
interspaced short palindromic repeats interference (CRISPRi) and CRISPR-mediated gene …