Pain is a complex phenomenon, involving sensory and emotional experience, that is often
poorly understood, especially in infants, anesthetized patients, and others who cannot …

Non-oncologic chronic pain is a common high-morbidity impairment worldwide and
acknowledged as a condition with significant incidence on quality of life. Pain intensity is …

Traditional pain assessment approaches ranging from self-reporting methods, to
observational scales, rely on the ability of an individual to accurately assess and …

The subjective nature of pain makes it a very challenging phenomenon to assess. Most of
the current pain assessment approaches rely on an individual's ability to recognise and …

The assessment of pain relies mostly on methods that require a person to communicate.
However, for people with cognitive and verbal impairments, existing methods are not …

Several approaches have been proposed for the analysis of pain-related facial expressions.
These approaches range from common classification architectures based on a set of …

In this work multi-classifier-systems (MCS) are discussed. Several fixed and trainable
aggregation rules are presented. The most famous examples of MCS, namely bagging and …

Video-based analysis of facial expressions has been increasingly applied to infer health
states of individuals, such as depression and pain. Among the existing approaches, deep …

In this work, an assessment of several fusion architectures is undertaken within the scope of
the development of a pain intensity classification system. The assessment is based on the …

Pain research traverses many disciplines and methodologies. Yet, despite our
understanding and field-wide acceptance of the multifactorial essence of pain as a sensory …