Children born small for gestational age (SGA), defined as a birth weight and/or length
below− 2 SD score (SDS), comprise a heterogeneous group. The causes of SGA are …

Introduction• Bone fracture healing and healing problems• Biomaterial scaffolds and tissue
engineering in bone formation‐Bone tissue engineering‐Biomaterial scaffolds‐Synthetic …

Accumulating evidence suggests that both the intrauterine environment and growth during
early life can influence the development of chronic noncommunicable diseases, such as …

Recent studies have demonstrated an important physiologic link between bone and fat.
Bone and fat cells arise from the same mesenchymal precursor cell within bone marrow …

The gut peptide ghrelin, the endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue
receptor, has been implicated not only in the regulation of pituitary growth hormone (GH) …

Despite being a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus, obesity has
been thought to protect against osteoporosis. However, recent studies have demonstrated a …

Background Growth hormone (GH) affects metabolism and regulates growth in childhood.
The most prominent feature of GH deficiency (GHD) in children is diminished height velocity …

OBJECTIVE: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a syndrome characterized by chronic widespread pain,
fatigue, disrupted sleep, depression, and physical deconditioning. In this article, we review …

Objective An increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in adult GH deficiency
(GHD) may be related to hypopituitarism but also to the presence of the metabolic syndrome …

Background Beta-adrenergic receptor agonists (BA) induce skeletal muscle hypertrophy, yet
specific mechanisms that lead to this effect are not well understood. The objective of this …