Growth is central to plant morphogenesis. Plant cells are encased in rigid cell walls, and
they must overcome physical confinement to grow to specific sizes and shapes. Cell wall …

Vacuolar-type adenosine triphosphatase (V-ATPase, VHA) is a highly conserved, ATP-
driven multisubunit proton pump that is widely distributed in all eukaryotic cells. V-ATPase …

Plant epidermal cell walls maintain the mechanical integrity of plants and restrict organ
growth. Mechanical analyses can give insights into wall structure and are inputs for …

Organ morphogenesis depends on mechanical interactions between cells and tissues.
These interactions generate forces that can be sensed by cells and affect key cellular …

The height of thick and solid plants, such as woody plants, is proportional to two-thirds of the
power of their diameter at breast height. However, this rule cannot be applied to herbaceous …

In plants, coordinated growth is important for organ mechanical integrity because cells
remain contiguous through their walls. So far, defects in inflorescence stem integrity in …

Differential growth is central to eukaryotic morphogenesis. We showed using cellular
imaging, simulations, and perturbations that light-induced differential growth in a curved …

Robust regulation of cell division is central to the formation of complex multi-cellular
organisms and is a hallmark of stem cell activity. In plants, due to the absence of cell …

The above-ground organs in plants display a rich diversity, yet they grow to characteristic
sizes and shapes. Organ morphogenesis progresses through a sequence of key events …

As the interface between plants and the environment, the leaf epidermis provides the first
layer of protection against drought, ultraviolet light, and pathogen attack. This cell layer …