Fossils and molecular data are two independent sources of information that should in
principle provide consistent inferences of when evolutionary lineages diverged. Here we …

Human children grow at a uniquely slow pace by comparison with other mammals. When
and where did this schedule evolve? Have technological advances, farming and cities had …

This comprehensive introductory text integrates evolutionary, ecological, and demographic
perspectives with new results from field studies and contemporary noninvasive molecular …

Until recently, our understanding of the evolution of human growth and development derived
from studies of fossil juveniles that employed extant populations for both age determination …

Ontogenetic changes in the human masticatory complex suggest that bite force, a key
measure of chewing performance, increases throughout growth and development. Current …

Understanding dental development in chimpanzees, our closest living relatives, is of
fundamental importance for reconstructing the evolution of human development. Most early …

Diet is a major driver of hominin evolution, but most of the geochemical evidence relies on
carbon isotopes (δ13C). Here, we report enamel stable calcium isotope (δ44/42Ca) values …

For over a century, paleoanthropologists have listed the presence of prolonged periods of
gestation, growth, and maturation, extremely short interbirth intervals, and early weaning …

A chronology of dental development in Pan troglodytes is arguably the best available model
with which to compare and contrast reconstructed dental chronologies of the earliest fossil …

Modern humans differ from wild great apes in gestation length, weaning age, interbirth
interval, sexual maturity, and longevity, but evolutionary anthropologists do not know when …