Ketamine, a nonselective NMDA receptor antagonist, is used widely in medicine as an
anesthetic agent. However, ketamine's mechanisms of action lead to widespread …

In designing the anaesthetic plan for patients undergoing surgery, the choice of anaesthetic
agent may often appear irrelevant and the best results obtained by the use of a technique or …

BACKGROUND: In vitro and in vivo studies of anesthetics have demonstrated serious
neurotoxic effects on the developing brain. However, the clinical relevance of these findings …

Previously our laboratory has shown that ketamine exposure (24h of clinically relevant
anesthesia) causes significant increases in neuronal cell death in perinatal rhesus monkeys …

Advances in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) have drastically increased the survival
chances of preterm infants. However, preterm infants are still exposed to a wide range of …

Laboratory work has confirmed that general anesthetics cause increased neuronal
apoptosis and changes to the morphology of dendritic spines in the developing brains of …

Experimental evidence of anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity has caused serious concern
about the long-term effect of commonly used volatile anesthetic agents on young children …

Ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, is widely used in pediatric
anesthesia. Recently, a series of animal studies have shown that ketamine may have …

Recent advances in neonatal intensive care include and are partly attributable to growing
attention for comfort and pain control in the term and preterm infant requiring intensive care …

Thousands of infants and children undergo complicated surgical procedures that require
prolonged periods of anesthesia and/or sedation each year. A growing body of preclinical …