Amplified hygiene and precautionary measures are of utmost importance to control the
spread of COVID-19 and future infection; however, these changes in practice are projected …

Background Due to the substantial increase in the use of disinfectants containing quaternary
ammonion compounds (QACs) in healthcare and community settings during the COVID-19 …

Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) have represented one of the most visible and
effective classes of disinfectants for nearly a century. With simple preparation, wide structural …

The ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has highlighted the importance of the rapid
development of vaccines and antivirals. However, the potential for the emergence of …

During the current pandemic, chemical disinfectants are ubiquitously and routinely used in
community environments, especially on common touch surfaces in public settings, as a …

A biofilm can be defined as a community of microorganisms adhering to a surface and
surrounded by a complex matrix of extrapolymeric substances. It is now generally accepted …

Resistance to antibiotics is increasingly commonplace amongst important human
pathogens. Although the mechanism (s) of resistance vary from agent to agent they typically …

Six major classes of disinfectants and sanitizers are iodophors, quaternary ammonium
compounds (QAC), peroxides, phenols, chlorine, and glutaraldehyde. Bacterial resistance to …

Biocides have been employed for centuries, so today a wide range of compounds showing
different levels of antimicrobial activity have become available. At the present time …

Surfaces of internal fracture fixation implants are generally designed to encourage soft-
and/or hard-tissue adherence, eventually leading to tissue or osseo integration …