Executive control is a complex high-level cognitive function that relies on distributed brain
circuitry. We propose that the anterior insular cortex plays an under-appreciated role in …

Two decades of cross-species neuroscience research on rapid action-stopping in the
laboratory has provided motivation for an underlying prefrontal–basal ganglia circuit. Here …

Inhibitory control is a fundamental mechanism underlying flexible behavior and features in
theories across many areas of cognitive and psychological science. However, whereas …

The ability to stop already-initiated actions is a key cognitive control ability. Recent work on
human action-stopping has been dominated by two controversial debates. First, the …

Striatal acetylcholine and dopamine critically regulate movement, motivation, and reward-
related learning. Pauses in cholinergic interneuron (CIN) firing are thought to coincide with …

Inhibitory control is one of the most important control functions in the human brain. Much of
our understanding of its neural basis comes from seminal work showing that lesions to the …

The anti-saccade task has emerged as an important tool for investigating the complex nature
of voluntary behaviour. In this task, participants are instructed to suppress the natural …

The ability to stop an already initiated action is paramount to adaptive behavior. Much
scientific debate in the field of human action-stopping currently focuses on two interrelated …

In the stop-signal task, an electrophysiological signature of action-stopping is increased
early right frontal beta band power for successful vs. failed stop trials. Here we tested …

We survey models of response inhibition having different degrees of mathematical,
computational and neurobiological specificity and generality. The independent race model …