Cancer is a disease that affects the majority of metazoan species and, before directly
causing host death, is likely to influence the competitive abilities of individuals, their …

Eco-immunology seeks evolutionary explanations for the tremendous variation in immune
defense observed in nature. Assays to quantify immune phenotypes often are crucial to this …

Simple Summary Lead (Pb) is an environmental pollutant with reported contamination from
mammals to fish. In particular, birds are often reported to be poisoned, and populations of …

Human breasts are larger and more enduring than reproductively necessary. It is thus
unclear why this costly, yet conspicuous phenotype has been selected for, or what …

Developmental instability (DI) is a phenomenon whereby organisms are unable to buffer
developmental disturbances, resulting in asymmetric variation of paired traits. Previous …

Maternal antibodies protect chicks from infection with pathogens early in life and may impact
pathogen dynamics due to the alteration of the proportion of susceptible individuals in a …

This study aimed to observe the type of asymmetry exhibited by Porcellio laevis sampled
from 15 sites belonging to Tunisian industrialized areas. Physicochemical parameters such …

Monitoring pathogen circulation in wildlife sentinel populations can help to understand and
predict the spread of disease at the wildlife-livestock-human interface. Immobile young …

Vertebrate mothers transfer diverse compounds to developing embryos that can affect their
development and final phenotype (ie, maternal effects). However, the way such effects …

Over the past decade, various avian influenza viruses have been isolated from wild ducks
found in the northeast of China. To monitor the prevalence of multiple subtype specific AIVs …