Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neurons
and other neuronal cells, leading to severe disability and eventually death from ventilatory …

The identification of biomarkers plays a crucial role in personalized medicine, both in the
clinical and research settings. However, the contrast between predictive and prognostic …

We examine heterogeneity in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy across eight European countries.
We reveal striking differences across countries, ranging from 6.4% of adults in Spain to …

Background Riluzole is the only drug to prolong survival for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
(ALS) and, at a dose of 100 mg, was associated with a 35% reduction in mortality in a …

Background Many patients with an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) are treated with antibiotics. However, the value of antibiotics remains uncertain, as …

Identification of subgroups of patients for whom treatment A is more effective than treatment
B, and vice versa, is of key importance to the development of personalized medicine. Tree …

The machine learning (ML) toolbox for estimation of heterogeneous treatment effects from
observational data is expanding rapidly, yet many of its algorithms have been evaluated …

The growing presence of new players–beside those belonging to the institutional and third
sectors–committed to supporting social and environmental causes through innovative …

Precision medicine has revolutionised cancer treatments; however, actionable biomarkers
remain scarce. To address this, we develop the Oncology Biomarker Discovery (OncoBird) …

Objective: Decision-tree methods are machine-learning methods which provide results that
are relatively easy to interpret and apply by human decision makers. The resulting decision …