Annotating coding genes and inferring orthologs are two classical challenges in genomics
and evolutionary biology that have traditionally been approached separately, limiting …

Driven by co‐evolution with pathogens, host immunity continuously adapts to optimize
defence against pathogens within a given environment. Recent advances in genetics …

Humans, and many other species, are host to diverse symbionts. It is often suggested that
the mutual benefits of host-microbe relationships can alone explain cooperative evolution …

Zoonotic infections are an imminent threat to human health. Pangolins were recently
identified as carriers and intermediate hosts of coronaviruses. Previous research has shown …

Loss of limbs evolved many times in squamate reptiles. Here we investigated the genomic
basis of convergent limb loss in reptiles. We sequenced the genomes of a closely related …

In the framework of neutral theory of molecular evolution, genes specific to the development
and function of eyes in subterranean animals living in permanent darkness are expected to …

Photic niche shifts of mammals are associated with changing visual capabilities, primarily
mediated by three visual pigments, two (SWS1 and M/LWS) of them for color vision and …

Diseases caused by pathogens contribute to molecular adaptations in host immunity. Variety
of viral pathogens challenging animal immunity can drive positive selection diversifying …

Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5
(MDA5) are key RNA virus sensors belonging to the RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) family. The …

Penguins (Sphenisciformes) are an iconic order of flightless, diving seabirds distributed
across a large latitudinal range in the Southern Hemisphere. The extensive area over which …