Background Technologies for making and manipulating DNA have enabled advances in
biology ever since the discovery of the DNA double helix. But introducing site-specific …

The Cas9 protein (CRISPR-associated protein 9), derived from type II CRISPR (clustered
regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) bacterial immune systems, is emerging as a …

Zinc is involved in a variety of biological processes, as a structural, catalytic, and intracellular
and intercellular signaling component. Thus zinc homeostasis is tightly controlled at the …

Recent advances in the development of genome editing technologies based on
programmable nucleases have substantially improved our ability to make precise changes …

Abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity are major environmental factors that limit crop
yields. Unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying abiotic stress resistance is crucial …

With the recent FDA approval of the first siRNA‐derived therapeutic, RNA interference
(RNAi)‐mediated gene therapy is undergoing a transition from research to the clinical …

Proteins adopt different higher-order structures (HOS) to enable their unique biological
functions. Understanding the complexities of protein higher-order structures and dynamics …

Background CCR5 is the major coreceptor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We
investigated whether site-specific modification of the gene (“gene editing”)—in this case, the …

Genome engineering with programmable nucleases depends on cellular responses to a
targeted double-strand break (DSB). The first truly targetable reagents were the zinc finger …

The nutritional essentiality of zinc for the growth of living organisms had been recognized
long before zinc biochemistry began with the discovery of zinc in carbonic anhydrase in …