Cancer cells propagated in three-dimensional (3D) culture systems exhibit physiologically
relevant cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions, gene expression and signaling pathway …

The basement membrane is an important extracellular matrix that is found in all epithelial
and endothelial tissues. It maintains tissue integrity, serves as a barrier to cells and to …

The tumour microenvironment (TME) shapes disease progression and influences
therapeutic response. Most aggressive solid tumours have high levels of myeloid cell …

Nanoparticle penetration through tumor tissue after extravasation is considered as a key
issue for tumor distribution and therapeutic effects. Most tumors possess abundant stroma, a …

Nanogels have piqued the interest of researchers as nanoscopic drug delivery systems,
especially for site-specific or time-controlled delivery of therapeutic mediators. A wide range …

Tissue organoids hold enormous potential as tools for a variety of applications, including
disease modeling and drug screening. To effectively mimic the native tissue environment, it …

Simple Summary Immunotherapies are emerging as promising strategies to cure cancer and
extend patients' survival. Efforts should be focused, however, on the development of …

Tumors are three-dimensional tissues where close contacts between cancer cells,
intercellular interactions between cancer and stromal cells, adhesion of cancer cells to the …

Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) acts as a facilitator of metastatic dissemination in
the invasive margin of malignant tumors where active tumor–stromal crosstalks take place …

There is cumulating evidence that in vitro 3D tumor models with increased physiological
relevance can improve the predictive value of pre‐clinical research and ultimately contribute …