Lepton scattering is an established ideal tool for studying inner structure of small particles
such as nucleons as well as nuclei. As a future high energy nuclear physics project, an …

The quark model was formulated in 1964 to classify mesons as bound states made of a
quark–antiquark pair, and baryons as bound states made of three quarks. For a long time all …

The past seventeen years have witnessed tremendous progress on the experimental and
theoretical explorations of the multiquark states. The hidden-charm and hidden-bottom …

Quantum Chromodynamics, the theory of quarks and gluons, whose interactions can be
described by a local SU (3) gauge symmetry with charges called “color quantum numbers” …

A large number of experimental discoveries especially in the heavy quarkonium sector that
did not meet the expectations of the until then very successful quark model led to a …

Multiquark resonances are undoubtedly experimentally observed. The number of states and
the amount of details on their properties have been growing over the years. It is very recent …

The spectrum of hadrons is the manifestation of color confinement of quantum
chromodynamics. Hadronic resonances correspond to poles of the S-matrix. Since 2003 …

Abstract This White Paper aims at highlighting the important benefits in the science reach of
the EIC. High luminosity operation is generally desirable, as it enables producing and …

We summarize the ongoing scientific program of the 12 GeV Continuous Electron Beam
Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) and give an outlook into future opportunities. The program …

The last decade has seen a marked shift in how the internal structure of hadrons is
understood. Modern experimental facilities, new theoretical techniques for the continuum …