It has long been hypothesized that conditioning mechanisms play major roles in addiction.
Specifically, the associations between rewarding properties of drugs of abuse and the drug …

A long-standing relationship between nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and
cognition exists. Drugs that act at nAChRs can have cognitive-enhancing effects and …

Smokers have substantial individual differences in quit success in response to current
treatments for nicotine dependence. This observation may suggest that different underlying …

The purpose of this review is to summarize the present knowledge on the interplay among
the cholinergic system, Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinase (ERK) and Mammalian Target …

Addiction is a chronic disorder marked by long-lasting maladaptive changes in behavior and
in reward system function. However, the factors that contribute to the behavioral and …

A large body of literature demonstrates the effects of abused substances on memory. These
effects differ depending on the drug, the pattern of delivery (acute or chronic), and the drug …

The hippocampus is a key brain structure involved in synaptic plasticity associated with long-
term declarative memory formation. Importantly, nicotine and activation of nicotinic …

Nicotine is known to enhance learning and memory in hippocampus-dependent tasks such
as contextual fear conditioning. The present study was designed to directly examine whether …

Pre-adolescence and adolescence are developmental periods associated with increased
vulnerability for tobacco addiction, and exposure to tobacco during these periods may lead …

The ability to learn from experience and consequently adapt our behavior is one of the most
fundamental capacities enabled by complex and plastic nervous systems. Next to cellular …