CD146 was originally identified as a melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) and highly
expressed in many tumors and endothelial cells. However, the evidence that CD146 acts as …

Cell surface glycosylation is dynamic and often changes in response to cellular
differentiation under physiological or pathophysiological conditions. Altered glycosylation on …

Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents the third most common malignancy and the second
leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although immunotherapy has taken …

The role of angiogenesis as a mediator of immune regulation in the tumor microenvironment
has recently come into focus. Furthermore, emerging evidence indicates that …

Advances in cancer immunotherapy have offered new hope for patients with metastatic
disease. This unfolding success story has been exemplified by a growing arsenal of novel …

Background Growing evidence is showing that metastatic cell populations are able to
transfer their characteristics to less malignant cells. Exosomes (EXOs) are membrane …

Evasion of immune surveillance is an accepted hallmark of tumor progression. The
production of immune suppressive mediators by tumor cells is one of the major mechanisms …

Despite favorable responses to initial therapy, small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) relapse occurs
within a year and exhibits resistance to multiple drugs. Because of limited accessibility of …

Galectins are a family of ß-galactoside-binding proteins that play a variety of roles in normal
physiology. In cancer, their expression levels are typically elevated and often associated …

Cancer stem cells (CSC) have been identified in several types of solid tumors. In some
cases, CSC may be the source of all the tumor cells, the cause of the tumor's resistance to …