Seven ligands bind to and activate the mammalian epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor
(EGFR/ERBB1/HER1): EGF, transforming growth factor-alpha (TGFA), heparin-binding EGF …

When epidermal growth factor and its relatives bind the ErbB family of receptors, they trigger
a rich network of signalling pathways, culminating in responses ranging from cell division to …

Angiogenesis is thought to depend on a precise balance of positive and negative regulation.
Angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) is an angiogenic factor that signals through the endothelial cell …

The Drosophila eye has contributed much to our knowledge of cell differentiation. This
understanding has primarily come from the study of the R7 photoreceptor; much less is …

▪ Abstract The Eph receptors are the largest known family of receptor tyrosine kinases.
Initially all of them were identified as orphan receptors without known ligands, and their …

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on the mechanisms of ligand-induced heterodimer
formation, and on signaling pathways employed by ErbB-2 and ErbB-3 in normal and …

On the basis of x-ray diffraction data to a resolution of 2.9 angstroms, atomic models of most
protein components of the bovine cytochrome bc1 complex were built, including core 1, core …

Antagonists of several growth factor signaling pathways play important roles in
developmental patterning by limiting the range of the cognate inducer. Here, we describe an …

Growth factors enable cells to escape irradiation-induced death (apoptosis). One important
family of growth factors share an epidermal growth factor motif, and all bind to ErbB …

Publisher Summary Carcinoma, cancer of epithelial cells, is a major cause of morbidity and
mortality. Clonal fixation and propagation of oncogenic genetic changes, sporadically …