The choice of reference genes that are stably expressed amongst treatment groups is a
crucial step in real-time quantitative PCR gene expression studies. Recent guidelines have …

Although many genes may serve as reference genes, they may cause different expression
patterns by selecting different reference genes because no single gene is expressed …

Background An appropriate normalization strategy is crucial for data analysis from real time
reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions (RT-qPCR). It is widely supported to …

Abstract Evaluation of gene expression levels by reverse transcription quantitative real-time
PCR (RT-qPCR) has for many years been the favourite approach for discovering disease …

Meaningful, reliable and valid mRNA expression analyses by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-
qPCR) can only be achieved, if suitable reference genes are chosen for normalization and if …

In biological research the analysis of gene expression levels in cells and tissues can be a
powerful tool to gain insights into biological processes. For this, quantitative RT-PCR (RT …

To accurately evaluate gene expression levels and obtain more accurate quantitative real-
time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) data, normalization relative to reliable reference gene (s) is …

Rodents are commonly used as animal models in studies investigating various experimental
conditions, often requiring gene expression analysis. Quantitative real-time reverse …

Abstract Changes in gene expression with age are typically normalised to constitutively
expressed reference genes (RGs). However, RG expression may be affected by age or …

Western blot is routinely used to quantify differences in the levels of target proteins in
tissues. Standard methods typically use measurements of housekeeping proteins to control …