Background Increasing evidence suggests that youth with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
exhibit early indicators of cardiovascular disease. A leading hypothesized mechanism of this …

Depression onset peaks during adolescence and young adulthood. Current treatments are
only moderately effective, driving the search for novel pathophysiological mechanisms …

Background: There is a crucial link between the gut microbiota and the host central nervous
system, and the communication between them occurs via a bidirectional pathway termed the …

The involvement of central and peripheral inflammation in the pathogenesis and prognosis
of major depressive disorder (MDD) has been demonstrated. The increase of pro …

Purpose Nowadays, the role of two tightly interconnected systems, the inflammatory
response system (IRS) and the compensatory immune response system (CIRS) in …

Background Several lines of evidence have suggested that cytokines are implicated in the
pathophysiology of depression and antidepressant treatment outcome. However, the results …

Background Investigations have revealed the association between inflammation and post-
stroke depression (PSD). However, whether the C-reactive protein (CRP) level, a biomarker …

Background Depression has been associated with low-grade elevation of plasma cytokines
(eg interleukin-6, IL-6; tumor necrosis factor alpha, TNFα) in both cross-sectional and …

Depression is a debilitating psychiatric disorder impacting an individual's quality of life. It is
the most prevalent mental illness across all age categories, incurring huge socio-economic …

Objective Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability, with a high risk
of suicidal ideation (SI). Few studies have evaluated the potential of multiple cytokines as …