Many aspects of the social environment affect hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis
function and increase circulating glucocorticoid concentrations. In this review, we examine …

Considerable evidence suggests that the steroid hormone testosterone mediates major life-
history trade-offs in vertebrates, promoting mating effort at the expense of parenting effort or …

Glucocorticoids hormones (GC s) are intuitively important for mediation of age‐dependent
vertebrate life‐history transitions through their effects on ontogeny alongside underpinning …

Tremendous progress has been made in our understanding of the ultimate and proximate
mechanisms underlying social behavior, yet an integrative evolutionary analysis of its …

Non-human vertebrate blood is commonly collected and assayed for a variety of
applications, including veterinary diagnostics and physiological research. Small, often non …

The causes and consequences of individual differences in animal behavior and stress
physiology are increasingly studied in wild animals, yet the possibility that stress physiology …

Experimental glucocorticoid (GC) manipulations can be useful for identifying the
mechanisms that drive life‐history and fitness variation in free‐living animals, but predicting …

Juvenile perch were exposed to 2%(w/w) poly (l-lactide)(PLA) microplastic particles (90–150
μm) in food pellets, or 2%(w/w) kaolin particles, and a non-particle control food over 6 …

One of the most comprehensively studied responses to stressors in vertebrates is the
endogenous production and regulation of glucocorticoids (GCs). Extensive laboratory …

Rivers containing effluents from water treatment plants are complex soups of compounds,
ranging from pharmaceuticals to natural hormones. Male fathead minnows (Pimephales …