Background and objective Bladder cancer (BCa) imposes a substantial economic burden on
health care systems and patients. Understanding these financial implications is crucial for …

Bladder cancer remains one of the costliest malignancies to manage. We provide a narrative
review of literature assessing the economic burden and cost-effectiveness of bladder cancer …

Background Overall survival is the “gold standard” endpoint in cancer clinical trials. It plays a
key role in determining the clinical-and cost-effectiveness of a new intervention and whether …

Aims: Pembrolizumab demonstrated significantly prolonged overall survival (OS) vs.
chemotherapy in the Phase III KEYNOTE-045 trial, and is approved in the US for the …

Objectives: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) is an important treatment option for metastatic
urothelial carcinoma (mUC) patients. A lot of clinical evidence proved the survival benefits of …

Traditional cisplatin-based chemotherapy has long been the mainstay treatment for
advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC), but the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors …

Bladder cancer remains a common and insidious disease in the United States, with more
than 81,400 new cases and 17,980 deaths in 2020. 1 Its disproportionate effect on the …

Background: Both the antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) enfortumab vedotin (EV) and
programmed death-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab have been shown to provide survival benefits …

Simple Summary Urothelial carcinoma is a malignancy that originates in the genitourinary
tract. It is a heterogeneous disease that can present at different stages, and the treatment …

Background Bladder cancer is the 10th most common cancer globally. The majority of
bladder cancers are urothelial carcinomas (UCs), which, if locally advanced or metastatic …