The vulnerability of face recognition systems to presentation attacks (also known as direct
attacks or spoof attacks) has received a great deal of interest from the biometric community …

Face anti-spoofing (FAS) plays a vital role in securing face recognition systems from the
presentation attacks (PAs). As more and more realistic PAs with novel types spring up, it is …

Face anti-spoofing (FAS) has lately attracted increasing attention due to its vital role in
securing face recognition systems from presentation attacks (PAs). As more and more …

Face anti-spoofing is crucial to prevent face recognition systems from a security breach.
Previous deep learning approaches formulate face anti-spoofing as a binary classification …

The availability of handy multi-modal (ie, RGB-D) sensors has brought about a surge of face
anti-spoofing research. However, the current multi-modal face presentation attack detection …

The face image is the most accessible biometric modality which is used for highly accurate
face recognition systems, while it is vulnerable to many different types of presentation …

The vulnerabilities of face-based biometric systems to presentation attacks have been finally
recognized but yet we lack generalized software-based face presentation attack detection …

Face anti-spoofing (FAS) plays a vital role in securing the face recognition systems from
presentation attacks. Most existing FAS methods capture various cues (eg, texture, depth …

Face anti-spoofing is critical to the security of face recognition systems. Depth supervised
learning has been proven as one of the most effective methods for face anti-spoofing …

Research on non-intrusive software-based face spoofing detection schemes has been
mainly focused on the analysis of the luminance information of the face images, hence …