As a low cost, full-field three-dimensional shape measurement technique with high dynamic
range, Phase Measuring Deflectometry (PMD) has been studied and improved to be a …

Deflectometry as a technique to assess reflective surfaces has now existed for some 40
years. Its different aspects and variations have been studied in multiple theses and research …

In recent years, the quality control of car body surfaces production lines have been put in the
context of Industry 4.0. The emergence of automatic defect detection systems have helped to …

Dynamic full-field three-dimensional sensing of specular reflective surfaces can be
conveniently implemented with fringe reflection technique. A monoscopic fringe …

This paper introduces a new approach to detect defects cataloged as dings and dents on car
body surfaces, which is currently one of the most important issues facing quality control in …

Phase measuring deflectometry has been applied for free-form specular surface metrology,
but its measured slope results are sensitive to the depth of sample positioning, which is also …

Incorporating the modal and zonal estimation approaches into a unifying scheme, we
introduce an improved three-dimensional shape reconstruction version of specular surfaces …

Full-field out-of-plane deformation measurement of specular surfaces can be implemented
quickly and conveniently using fringe reflectometry. The system configuration is simple and …

The appearance quality assessment based on defect inspection for painted car-body
surfaces is an essential work to monitor and analyze the level of paint appearance quality. In …

Background: Phase measuring deflectometry is a highly precise and full field metrology
technique for specular surfaces based on the distortion of known reference patterns …