Working memory is important for online language processing during conversation. We use it
to maintain relevant information, to inhibit or ignore irrelevant information, and to attend to …

This article presents a review of the effects of adverse conditions (ACs) on the perceptual,
linguistic, cognitive, and neurophysiological mechanisms underlying speech recognition …

Objective: There is growing interest in the concepts of listening effort and fatigue associated
with hearing loss. However, the theoretical underpinnings and clinical meaning of these …

Twenty-five years ago a case-control study published in the Journal of the American Medical
Association (Uhlmann, Larson, Rees, Koepsell, & Duckert, 1989) first reported that hearing …

Objectives: Listening effort can be defined as the cognitive resources required to perform a
listening task. The literature on listening effort is as confusing as it is voluminous: measures …

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of age, hearing loss,
and cognitive ability on the cognitive processing load during listening to speech presented …

Identifying speech requires that listeners make rapid use of fine-grained acoustic cues—a
process that is facilitated by being able to see the talker's face. Face masks present a …

Objectives: This study measured the impact of auditory spectral resolution on listening effort.
Systematic degradation in spectral resolution was hypothesized to elicit corresponding …

Objectives: To undertake a systematic review of available evidence on the effect of hearing
impairment and hearing aid amplification on listening effort. Two research questions were …

Published investigations (n= 29) in which a dual-task experimental paradigm was employed
to measure listening effort during speech understanding in younger and older adults were …