Across Europe, the genetics of the Chalcolithic/Bronze Age transition is increasingly
characterized in terms of an influx of Steppe-related ancestry. The effect of this major shift on …

Prostate cancer affects African Americans disproportionately by exhibiting greater incidence,
rapid disease progression, and higher mortality when compared to their Caucasian …

Interleukin-19 (IL-19) is a member of the IL-10 family of cytokines. The last ten years from the
finding of IL-19, investigations underline the role of IL-19 in the immunological diseases. It is …

The extent of the devastation of the Black Death pandemic (1346–1353) on European
populations is known from documentary sources and its bacterial source illuminated by …

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved the lifespan of people living with HIV. However,
their immune system remains in a state of sustained activation/inflammation, which favors …

ABSTRACT HIV-1 causes a persistent infection of the immune system that is associated with
chronic comorbidities. The mechanisms that underlie this inflammation are poorly …

Infectious diseases such as malaria, tuberculosis (TB), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV),
and the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID‐19) are problematic globally, with high …

Objective. This study investigated possible associations between the TNFα‐308G/A, IFN+
874A/T, IL‐6‐174C/G, IL‐10‐1082A/G, and TGFβ‐509C/T polymorphisms with HIV‐1 …

Rubella virus causes a relatively benign disease in most cases, although infection during
pregnancy can result in serious birth defects. An effective vaccine has been available since …

Cytokines coordinate the intricate choreography of the immune system, directing cellular
activities that mediate inflammation, pathogen defense, pathology and tissue repair. Within …