Abstract Purpose of Review There is interest in evaluating the developmental origins of
health and disease (DOHaD) which emphasizes the role of prenatal and early-life …

Abstract Purpose of Review Maternal tobacco smoking during pregnancy is of public health
concern, and understanding the biological mechanisms can help to promote smoking …

Epigenetic influence plays a role in the association between exposure to air pollution and
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, research regarding sulfur dioxide …

Background: Stressful events increase the risk for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), and
trauma-focused psychotherapy can be useful for TRD patients exposed to early life stress …

Background: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly prevalent childhood
disorder. Maternal smoking during pregnancy is a replicated environmental risk factor for …

Prenatal tobacco exposure (PTE) and prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) have been
associated with an increased risk of delayed neurodevelopment in children as well as …

Background The study aims to investigate the social, emotional, and behavioral challenges
in children with a specific learning disability (SLD) and to identify the factors that accompany …

Background The current study aimed to assess the association between low maternal
protein intake during pregnancy and child developmental delay at age 3 years. Methods …

Abstract Background The Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children's Health is an
ongoing study consisting of two birth cohorts of different population sizes: the Sapporo …

Objective Stress is a known risk factor for numerous psychopathologies, whereas evidence
is lacking regarding the specific consequences of stress on the neural basis of attention …