RNA velocity has opened up new ways of studying cellular differentiation in single-cell RNA-
sequencing data. It describes the rate of gene expression change for an individual gene at a …

Biosynthesis of peptide hormones by pancreatic islet endocrine cells is a tightly orchestrated
process that is critical for metabolic homeostasis. Like neuroendocrine peptides, insulin and …

Although compensatory islet hyperplasia in response to insulin resistance is a recognized
feature in diabetes, the factor (s) that promote β cell proliferation have been elusive. We …

Deregulation of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) signalling increases the risk for metabolic
diseases, including type 2 diabetes. Here we show that β-cell-specific loss of mTORC1 …

For over 100 years, there has been an incredible amount of knowledge amassed
concerning hormones in the endocrine system and their central role in human health …

NEUROD1 is a transcription factor that helps maintain a mature phenotype of pancreatic β
cells. Disruption of Neurod1 during pancreatic development causes severe neonatal …

Carboxypeptidase E (CPE) facilitates the conversion of prohormones into mature hormones
and is highly expressed in multiple neuroendocrine tissues. Carriers of CPE mutations have …

Increasing epidemic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its comorbidities makes it urgent
to understand the pathogenesis and regulatory mechanism. However, little is known about …

Background Hyperproinsulinemia is an indicator of β-cell dysfunction, and fasting proinsulin
levels are elevated in patients with hyperglycemia. It is not known whether proinsulin levels …

While insulin replacement therapy restores the health and prevents the onset of diabetic
complications (DC) for many decades, some T1D patients have elevated hemoglobin A1c …