Surplus dairy calves consist of all dairy bull calves and any heifer calves not needed as
replacements for the milking herd. The fate of these surplus calves varies by region; for …

The care of surplus dairy calves is a significant issue for the United States and Canadian
dairy industries. Surplus dairy calves commonly experience poor welfare as evidenced by …

Simple Summary Calves, and particularly heifers, play a crucial role in the future of any herd,
making them an essential component of dairy farms. Rearing calves, especially those …

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) continues to be a leading cause of economic loss,
hampered animal welfare, and intensive antimicrobial use in cattle operations worldwide …

The veal and dairy beef sectors are important outlets for surplus calves from the dairy
industry. Surplus calves are defined as calves that are not needed to produce milk, with the …

The objective of this prospective cohort study was to determine the effect of an abnormal
fecal consistency score on weight gain and mortality in male Holstein calves and to identify …

Abstract This Scientific Opinion addresses a European Commission request on the welfare
of calves as part of the Farm to Fork strategy. EFSA was asked to provide a description of …

In the framework of its Farm to Fork Strategy, the Commission is undertaking a
comprehensive evaluation of the animal welfare legislation. The present Opinion deals with …

Calves arriving to veal and dairy-beef facilities in poor condition are at risk of future health
challenges and reduced growth rates, and limited knowledge is available on how time in …

The transport of young calves is a welfare concern. Young calves aged≤ 3 mo are
particularly vulnerable to compromised welfare, and are at a relatively high risk of morbidity …